This enticing and flavorful diet features soft, moist pellets crafted specifically for African and South American carnivorous and omnivorous cichlids. These sinking pellets are tailored to support health, promote growth, and enhance coloration. With a high concentration of premium quality proteins, they ensure optimal digestion and nutrient absorption. Formulated with Spirulina, garlic, vitamin C, and various immune-boosting ingredients. It boasts low phosphorus and low ash content. Available in two pellet sizes: small (+/- 1.8mm) and medium (+/- 3.8mm). Feed your fish one to three times a day, ensuring they receive only what they can consume in a few minutes. Delicious and appealing daily diet specifically designed for African and South American carnivorous and omnivorous cichlids. Soft, moist sinking pellets that promote overall health, growth, and vibrant coloration. Enriched with natural algae and pigments for exceptional enhancement and chosen immune boosters for better disease resistance. Developed and tested by aquaculture experts. Will not cloud the aquarium water. Sealed in oxygen-free pouches to ensure peak freshness.

API® CICHLID LARGE PELLETS features squid and Menhaden, delivering vital amino acids that support the healthy growth of your fish, alongside a rich combination of plant proteins, spirulina, banana, and pea. API CICHLID LARGE PELLETS is specifically formulated for large Cichlids measuring over 5 inches in length. It includes a specially enhanced protein blend designed for efficient nutrient absorption, ensuring your fish receive optimal benefits. Cichlid fish effectively utilize the nutrients from our premium formula, resulting in up to 30% less ammonia release compared to leading brands, promoting cleaner and clearer water. Feed twice daily, providing only the quantity of food your fish can consume within three minutes. Expires on 28 Dec 2025

API® TROPICAL PELLETS are formulated with premium proteins, including squid and shrimp, to promote healthy growth while enhancing flavor with garlic. These pellets are tailored specifically for tropical community fish like Angelfish, Tetras, and Barbs. They feature a distinctive, nutritionally-enhanced protein that allows for efficient nutrient absorption, ensuring that fish can utilize the nutrients effectively, leading to the release of up to 30% less ammonia compared to top competitors, resulting in cleaner and clearer water. API TROPICAL PELLETS can serve as a nutritious alternative to API TROPICAL FLAKES, based on your fish’s preferences. For instance, larger fish may favor pellets due to their density, while smaller fish might find the lighter texture of flakes more suitable. >> Recommended feeding is twice daily. Provide a portion of food that your fish can consume in three minutes.Expires on 30 Jul 2026

API® GOLDFISH PELLETS is specially formulated for all varieties of Goldfish, featuring a distinctive, nutritionally-enhanced protein that promotes easy nutrient absorption for optimal benefits. Our premium formula allows Goldfish to utilize nutrients more efficiently, leading to a reduction of up to 30% in ammonia release compared to the top competitor, resulting in cleaner and clearer water. Feed twice daily. Provide an amount of food that your Goldfish can consume within three minutes. Expires on 28 Jan 2026

API® GOLDFISH PELLETS is specially formulated for all varieties of Goldfish and features a distinctive, nutritionally-enhanced protein that facilitates the easy absorption of nutrients for optimal uptake. With our premium formula, Goldfish can effectively utilize the nutrients, resulting in the release of up to 30% less ammonia compared to the top competitor, promoting cleaner and clearer water. Feed your Goldfish twice daily. Provide a quantity of food that your Goldfish can consume in three minutes. Expires on 31 Aug 2026

The API® VACATION PYRAMID FISH FEEDER provides automatic feeding for your fish while you're away, featuring nourishing food pellets that gradually release over a span of 14 days. This feeder caters to the dietary requirements of all types of fish, including goldfish, freshwater tropical fish, and saltwater varieties. Size: 1 piece per pack. One pyramid is designed to sustain 5 to 10 fish for up to 14 days. Expires on 28 May 2026

API® TROPICAL MINI PELLETS is crafted with premium proteins, including squid and shrimp, to promote optimal growth in smaller fish, while enhancing taste with delectable flavors like vanilla, garlic, and banana. API TROPICAL MINI PELLETS is specially formulated for tropical community fish such as Angelfish, Tetras, and Barbs, featuring a unique, nutritionally-enhanced protein that allows for easy nutrient uptake, ensuring maximum absorption. Our high-quality formula allows fish to utilize the nutrients more efficiently, resulting in up to 30% less ammonia release compared to leading competitors, contributing to cleaner and clearer water. Feed twice daily. Provide an amount of food that your fish can consume within three minutes. Expires on 28 Oct 2027

Essential food featuring 4% insect meal with prebiotic benefits sera Vipan Nature serves as a fundamental food option composed of floating flakes, free from dyes and preservatives, suitable for all ornamental fish that feed at the water's surface. It incorporates insect meal as a premium protein source that is also environmentally friendly. This carefully balanced formula, enriched with natural ingredients and prebiotics, provides a diet that closely resembles what fish would naturally consume, promoting healthy growth and robust development. The flakes maintain their shape over time and do not cloud the water. Comprehensive feed for all ornamental fish Ingredients Fish Meal, Wheat Flour, Dehydrated Brewer's Yeast, Calcium Caseinate, Hermetia (4%), Sun-Dried Freshwater Shrimp (Gammarus pulex), Spirulina, Brown Algae (Kelp), Mannan Oligosaccharides, Fish Cod Liver Oil (containing 34% omega fatty acids), Herbs, Alfalfa Herb, Stinging Nettle, Parsley, Paprika, Green-Lipped Mussel, Spinach, Carrots, Haematococcus Algae, Garlic. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 16,800 IU/lb, Vit. D3 820 IU/lb, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 54 IU/lb, Vit. B1 16 mg/lb, Vit. B2 41 mg/lb, Stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 250 mg/lb. Analytical Constituents Min. Crude Protein 45.8%, Min. Crude Fat 6.9%, Max. Crude Fiber 4.6%, Max. Moisture 6.0%, Max. Crude Ash 12.0%. Additional Product Information Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" line, which does not include any artificial colors or preservatives. A diverse diet made from ingredients that are close to their natural state is the best way to ensure that fish remain healthy and vibrant. The Nature food variants are formulated with natural components such as Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal derived from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The key ingredients and their proportions are highlighted on the front of the packaging. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice a day, providing only as much as the fish can consume in a brief period.

Essential food made up of soft granules featuring 4% insect meal sera Vipagran Nature is a staple diet composed of softly manufactured granules that are free from dyes and preservatives, designed for all fish that feed in the mid-water layers. This food incorporates insect meal as a premium protein source that is also environmentally friendly. Its well-balanced formula, enriched with natural ingredients and prebiotics, provides nutrition that closely resembles what fish would naturally consume, promoting healthy growth and robust development. The granules sink slowly and are highly digestible, maintaining their shape exceptionally well while ensuring minimal water pollution. Thanks to their soft and smooth texture, this palatable and balanced food is also ideal for fish with smaller mouths and narrower throats. Complete nutrition for all ornamental fish Ingredients corn starch, wheat gluten, fish meal, whole egg powder, Ca-caseinate, Hermetia (4%), wheat flour, fish oil (rich in 49% omega fatty acids), brewers yeast, spirulina, wheat germ, herbs, alfalfa, stinging nettle, gammarus, mannan oligosaccharides, parsley, sea algae, paprika, Haematococcus algae, spinach, carrots, green-lipped mussel, garlic. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 37,000 IU/kg, Vit. D3 1,800 IU/kg, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 120 mg/kg, Vit. B1 35 mg/kg, Vit. B2 90 mg/kg, stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 550 mg/kg. Nutritional Analysis Crude Protein 41.3%, Crude Fat 8.1%, Crude Fiber 3.5%, Moisture 5.0%, Crude Ash 5.5%. Additional Product Information Natural diet for ornamental fish This item is part of the "sera Nature" range, which does not include any artificial colors or preservatives. A varied diet featuring natural ingredients is the best way to prevent deficiencies and enhances the overall health and vitality of your fish. The Nature food options contain wholesome components like Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The icons on the package's front clearly display these ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice a day, providing only as much as the fish can consume within a short period.

Essential food featuring 4% insect meal with prebiotic benefits sera Vipan Nature is a key dietary option made up of floating flakes that are free from artificial colors and preservatives, suitable for all ornamental fish that feed at the water's surface. It includes insect meal as a high-quality protein source that is also environmentally friendly. The well-rounded formulation, enriched with natural components and prebiotics, offers a diet that closely mimics nature, promoting healthy growth and robust development. The flakes maintain their form over time and do not pollute the water. Complete nourishment for all ornamental fish Ingredients Fish Meal, Wheat Flour, Dehydrated Brewer's Yeast, Calcium Caseinate, Hermetia (4%), Sun-Dried Freshwater Shrimp (Gammarus pulex), Spirulina, Brown Algae (Kelp), Mannan Oligosaccharides, Fish Cod Liver Oil (containing 34% Omega Fatty Acids), Herbs, Alfalfa Herb, Stinging Nettle, Parsley, Paprika, Green-Lipped Mussel, Spinach, Carrots, Haematococcus Algae, Garlic. Additives   Vitamins and Provitamins: Vit. A 16,800 IU/lb, Vit. D3 820 IU/lb, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 54 IU/lb, Vit. B1 16 mg/lb, Vit. B2 41 mg/lb, Stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 250 mg/lb. Analytical Constituents Min. Crude Protein 45.8%, Min. Crude Fat 6.9%, Max. Crude Fiber 4.6%, Max. Moisture 6.0%, Max. Crude Ash 12.0%. Additional Product Information Natural diet for ornamental fish This item is part of the "sera Nature" line, which does not use any artificial colors or preservatives. A diverse diet consisting of ingredients that are close to their natural state is the best safeguard against nutritional deficiencies, enhancing the health and vitality of the fish. The Nature food varieties therefore feature natural components such as Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The labels on the front of the package emphasize these ingredients and their respective proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice a day, providing only as much as the fish can consume within a short period.

Introduce your aquatic friends to a delightful meal with KW Zone Floating Pellet Fish Food. This high-quality fish food is specially formulated to promote healthy growth and vibrant colors in your fish. Designed to float, these pellets are easy for your fish to spot and consume, ensuring they receive the nutrition they need. Rich in essential nutrients, KW Zone Floating Pellet Fish Food supports the overall well-being of your fish. The balanced blend of proteins, vitamins, and minerals helps maintain a healthy immune system, while the floating pellets encourage natural feeding behavior. Premium fish food designed for optimal health Floating pellets for easy feeding Supports vibrant colors and growth Contains essential nutrients for a healthy immune system Your fish deserve only the best, and KW Zone Floating Pellet Fish Food delivers just that!

Introducing the KW Zone Floating Pellet Fish Food, specially formulated to provide your aquatic pets with a nutritious and balanced diet. This high-quality fish food is designed to float on the water's surface, making it easy for your fish to access and enjoy. Crafted with essential vitamins and minerals, these pellets promote healthy growth and vibrant colors in your fish. The floating nature of the pellets helps to reduce waste and keeps the water clean, ensuring a healthy environment for your underwater friends. High-quality floating pellets for easy feeding Rich in essential nutrients for optimal health Promotes vibrant colors and healthy growth Helps maintain clean water conditions Feed your fish the best with KW Zone Floating Pellet Fish Food, and watch them thrive!

Flakes for Goldfish: Promoting Growth and Vibrant Colors sera Goldy Nature serves as the primary nourishment for smaller goldfish and their ornate varieties, including shubunkin, veiltail, or sarasa, as well as other coldwater fish, all without the use of artificial colors or preservatives. This formula includes insect meal, providing a top-notch protein source that is also environmentally friendly. The thoughtfully balanced mix of plant-based and animal ingredients guarantees a highly digestible food that supports both the health and vibrant colors of your fish. These flakes maintain their structure, are ideal for surface-feeding coldwater fish, and do not cloud the aquarium water. Complete Nutrition for All Goldfish Ingredients Fish Meal, Wheat Flour, Dehydrated Brewer's Yeast, Hermetia (5%), Calcium Caseinate, Sun-Dried Freshwater Shrimp (Gammarus pulex), Spirulina, Brown Algae (Kelp), Mannan Oligosaccharides, Fish Cod Liver Oil (with 34% omega fatty acids), Herbs, Alfalfa Herb, Stinging Nettle, Parsley, Green-Lipped Mussel, Paprika, Spinach, Carrots, Haematococcus Algae, Garlic. Additives Vitamins and Provitamins: Vit. A 16,800 IU/lb, Vit. D3 820 IU/lb, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 54 IU/lb, Vit. B1 16 mg/lb, Vit. B2 41 mg/lb, Stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 250 mg/lb. Nutritional Analysis Min. Crude Protein 45.3%, Min. Crude Fat 7.2%, Max. Crude Fiber 4.6%, Max. Moisture 6.0%, Max. Crude Ash 11.5%. Additional Product Information Natural Diet for Ornamental Fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" range, which excludes any artificial dyes or preservatives. A diverse diet featuring ingredients that are close to nature is the best defense against nutritional deficiencies, promoting the health and vitality of your fish. Therefore, the Nature food types include natural components such as Spirulina, Krill, or sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The labels on the packaging emphasize these ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed your fish once or twice daily throughout the year, providing only as much food as they can consume within a brief period.

Tablets infused with 24% spirulina for optimal digestion and vitality sera Spirulina Tabs Nature is a plant-based food free from artificial colors and preservatives, designed as attaching tablets. It is ideally suited for primarily herbivorous fish and invertebrates found in both freshwater and marine environments. The notably high concentration of spirulina algae (24%) promotes healthy digestion and enhances vitality. This well-balanced diet encourages healthy growth, vibrant appearance, and proper behavior in your aquatic pets. The gently crafted tablets sink to the aquarium floor or can be affixed to the glass with a gentle touch, allowing you to observe even the most timid fish while they dine. Complete nutrition for all ornamental fish Ingredients spirulina (24%), sea algae (16%), fish meal, krill (9%), milk powder, wheat flour, stinging nettle, brewers yeast, sugar, Ca-caseinate, gammarus, whole egg powder, mannan oligosaccharides, alfalfa, herbs, green-lipped mussel, cod-liver oil (containing 34% omega fatty acids), parsley, paprika, spinach, carrots, Haematococcus algae, garlic. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 37,000 IU/kg, Vit. D3 1,800 IU/kg, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 120 mg/kg, Vit. B1 35 mg/kg, Vit. B2 90 mg/kg, stab. Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 550 mg/kg. Analytical Constituents Crude Protein 38.9%, Crude Fat 7.9%, Crude Fiber 6.9%, Moisture 5.9%, Crude Ash 9.8%. More Product Information Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" line, which is free from artificial colors and preservatives. A diverse diet featuring natural ingredients serves as the best defense against nutritional deficiencies while supporting the health and vitality of your fish. The Nature food varieties include wholesome components like Spirulina, Krill, or sustainably sourced insect meal from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The icons displayed on the front of the packaging showcase these ingredients and their respective quantities in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice daily, providing only as much as the fish can consume in a short period.

Granulated feed designed for larger goldfish featuring 4% insect meal sera Goldy Gran Nature is a foundational food made from gently processed granules free from artificial colors and preservatives, specifically formulated for larger goldfish and other discerning coldwater species. Thanks to its premium ingredients, including insect meal, omega fatty acids, and mannan oligosaccharides, this food is highly digestible and supplies even the most selective fancy varieties with all essential nutrients. This ensures healthy growth without excessive fat accumulation and boosts disease resistance. The floating granules maintain their shape and do not contaminate the water. Complete nutrition for all goldfish Ingredients fish meal, corn starch, wheat flour, Hermetia (4%), wheat gluten, fish oil (with 49% omega fatty acids), brewer's yeast, mannan oligosaccharides, green-lipped mussel, garlic, Haematococcus algae. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 14,400 IU/kg, Vit. D3 1,800 IU/kg, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 180 mg/kg, Vit. B1 18 mg/kg, Vit. B2 18 mg/kg, stabilised Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 180 mg/kg. Analytical Constituents Crude Protein 33.0%, Crude Fat 6.9%, Crude Fiber 3.1%, Moisture 5.0%, Crude Ash 5.7%. Product More Details  Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" line, which is crafted without any dyes or preservatives. A diverse diet with natural ingredients is the best way to prevent deficiencies and promote the health and vitality of your fish. The Nature food varieties include wholesome components like Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The icons on the packaging indicate these ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice a day, providing only as much as the fish can consume in a short period.

Its well-rounded formulation is designed to meet the requirements of various species. A careful processing method ensures that the essential ingredients (Omega fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals) are preserved without alteration. The sera manufacturing technique produces a flake that maintains its structure. The water remains uncontaminated. At the same time, the flakes, due to their specially fine grinding, are exceptionally soft and are eagerly consumed by the fish.

Sinking food tablets enriched with 7% krill for vibrant color enhancement sera Plankton Tabs Nature serves as a color-enhancing food without any artificial colors or preservatives, available in convenient tablet form. These gently processed food tablets are ideal for all bottom-feeding fish (such as catfish and loaches) and invertebrates in both freshwater and saltwater environments. The natural color enhancement of the aquatic creatures is effectively supported by zooplankton (7% krill) and phytoplankton (24% spirulina), along with various other natural ingredients. This highly digestible food also promotes healthy growth, robust disease resistance, and increased fertility. The tablets sink rapidly, retain their shape for an extended period, and do not pollute the water. Complete feed designed for fish inhabiting the lower water layers Ingredients spirulina (24%), sea algae (16%), fish meal, krill (7%), milk powder, wheat flour, stinging nettle, brewers yeast, sugar, brine shrimps, Ca-caseinate, gammarus, whole egg powder, mannan oligosaccharides, alfalfa, herbs, green-lipped mussel, cod-liver oil (containing 34% omega fatty acids), parsley, paprika, spinach, carrots, Haematococcus algae, garlic. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 37,000 IU/kg, Vit. D3 1,800 IU/kg, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 120 mg/kg, Vit. B1 35 mg/kg, Vit. B2 90 mg/kg, stab. Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 550 mg/kg. Analytical Constituents Crude Protein 40.2%, Crude Fat 8.3%, Crude Fiber 6.9%, Moisture 5.9%, Crude Ash 13.8%. Product More Details  Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" range, which is free from artificial colors and preservatives. A diverse diet featuring ingredients that are close to their natural state ensures the best protection against deficiencies, contributing to the health and vitality of the fish. The Nature food varieties include natural components such as Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal derived from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The package prominently displays icons that emphasize these ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Administer once or twice a day, providing only as much food as the fish can consume within a short period. 

Its well-rounded formulation meets the requirements of various species. A careful processing technique ensures that the essential ingredients (Omega fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals) remain intact. The sera manufacturing method results in flakes that maintain their form. The water remains uncontaminated. At the same time, the flakes, due to the exclusive ultra-fine grinding, are exceptionally soft and are readily consumed by the fish.

Sinking food tablets enriched with 7% krill for enhanced natural color sera Plankton Tabs Nature offers a dye-free and preservative-free color food in a convenient tablet format. These gently processed food tablets are ideal for all bottom-feeding fish (such as catfish and loaches) and invertebrates in both freshwater and saltwater environments. The natural color enhancement of your aquatic pets is effectively and organically supported by zooplankton (7% krill) and phytoplankton (24% spirulina), along with other wholesome ingredients. This highly digestible food promotes healthy growth, boosts disease resistance, and enhances fertility. The tablets sink rapidly, maintain their shape for a long duration, and do not pollute the water. Complete feed for fish residing in the lower water layer Ingredients spirulina (24%), sea algae (16%), fish meal, krill (7%), milk powder, wheat flour, stinging nettle, brewers yeast, sugar, brine shrimps, Ca-caseinate, gammarus, whole egg powder, mannan oligosaccharides, alfalfa, herbs, green-lipped mussel, cod-liver oil (containing 34% omega fatty acids), parsley, paprika, spinach, carrots, Haematococcus algae, garlic. Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 37,000 IU/kg, Vit. D3 1,800 IU/kg, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 120 mg/kg, Vit. B1 35 mg/kg, Vit. B2 90 mg/kg, stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 550 mg/kg. Analytical Constituents Crude Protein 40.2%, Crude Fat 8.3%, Crude Fiber 6.9%, Moisture 5.9%, Crude Ash 13.8%. Product More Details  Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" range, which is free of dyes and preservatives. Offering a diverse diet with ingredients that are close to nature provides the best defense against nutritional deficiencies, fostering the health and vibrancy of your fish. The Nature food types are packed with natural ingredients such as Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The labels on the front of the package highlight these key ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding Instructions Feed once or twice daily, providing only as much as the fish can consume within a short period. 

Vegetable-based food featuring softly sinking granules sera Guppy Gran Nature is a vegetable-based food made from gently processed soft granules that are free from artificial colors and preservatives, designed for all herbivorous fish that primarily feed in the middle water layers, such as guppies. With carefully chosen ingredients, including 4% natural spirulina, this formula promotes healthy digestion and vitality. The nutrient-rich, easily digestible composition perfectly meets the needs of guppies and other particularly energetic fish. The soft, fine granules sink slowly and soften in water while maintaining their shape and not compromising water quality. Complete nutrition for all ornamental fish Ingredients corn starch, wheat gluten, fish meal, calcium caseinate, spirulina (4%), wheat flour, fish oil (contains 49% omega fatty acids), dehydrated brewer's yeast, herbs, alfalfa herb, stinging nettle, wheat germ meal, parsley, algae, brown (kelp), paprika, sun-dried freshwater shrimp (Gammarus pulex), mannan oligosaccharides, spinach, carrots, green-lipped mussel, Haematococcus algae, garlic Additives Vitamins and provitamins: Vit. A 16,800 IU/lb, Vit. D3 820 IU/lb, Vit. E (D, L-α-tocopheryl acetate) 54 IU/lb, Vit. B1 16 mg/lb, Vit. B2 41 mg/lb, Stabilized Vit. C (L-ascorbyl monophosphate) 250 mg/lb. Nutritional Analysis Min. Crude Protein 41.3%, Min. Crude Fat 7.1%, Max. Crude Fiber 5.2%, Max. Moisture 6.0%, Max. Crude Ash 5.3%. Additional Product Information Natural diet for ornamental fish This product is part of the "sera Nature" range, which excludes the use of artificial colors and preservatives. A diverse diet with naturally sourced ingredients is the best defense against nutritional deficiencies and enhances the health and vitality of the fish. The Nature food varieties include natural components like Spirulina, Krill, and sustainable insect meal sourced from soldier fly larvae (Hermetia). The package features signs that highlight these ingredients and their proportions in the food. Feeding instructions Feed once or twice each day, providing only what the fish can consume in a short period.